Determination of phytochemicals in Telfairia occidentalis, Amaranthus hybridus, Phaseolus vulgaris and Sphenostylis stenocarpa inoculated with Telfairia mosaic virus (TeMV). – A. A. J. Mofunanya and A. I. Nta
ABSTRACT
Qualitative and quantitative determinations of phytochemicals in Telfairia occidentalis Hook., Amaranthus hybridus L., Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. inoculated with Telfairia mosaic virus (TeMV) was evaluated. Alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, trepenoids, reducing compounds, polyphenols, phlobatanins, anthraquinones and hydroxymethyl anthraquinones were all present in Telfairia occidentalis in healthy and infected leaves. Phlobatanins, anthraquinones and hydroxymethyl anthraquinones were absent in A. hybridus, in addition steroids and flavonoids were absent in P. vulgaris. Phlobatanins and anthraquinones were absent in S. stenocarpa in healthy and infected leaves. TeMV caused significant reductions in alkaloids (40.o%) and flavonoids (22.63%) in T. occidentalis. The virus also caused marked decreases in flavonoids (88.55%), saponins (70.31%) in A. hybridus. Saponins (89.29%) and alkaloids were significantly reduced in infected samples of P. vulgaris. However,, there were marked increases in alkaloids and saponins contents by 92.24% and 51.85% respectively in S. stenocarpa. Infection of TeMV caused significant reductions in some phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins) and increases in other polyphenol and saponins in infected and healthy in the two vegetables and legumes studied.