Effect of processing on nutritional and phytochemical compositions of parkia biglobosa (Dawa dawa). – V. N.Osabor, F. I. Bassey, and C. A. Edem
ABSTRACT
The effect of processing on proximate, mineral elements, antinutritional and phytochemical compositions of raw, cooked and fermented seeds of Parkia biglobosa seeds were carried out. The results of Proximate analysis revealed the following respective values for raw, cooked and fermented Parkia biglobosa, Moisture (8.02 ± 0.12, 17.50 ± 0.11 and 38.01 ± 0.11%w/w), ash (3.01 ± 0.11, 2.16 ± 0.12 and 2.30 ± 13%DM), Crude fibre (6.01 ± 0.12, 4.02 ± 0.11 and 4.00 ± 0.11%DM), Crude fat (10.00 ± 0.13, 8.01 ± 0.12 and 20.0 ± 0.12%DM), crude protein (29.00 ± 0.11, 26.17 ± 0.11) and 37.75 ± 0.11%DM) and Carbohydrate (51.78 ± 0.44, 59.70± 0.14 and 35.44 ± 0.54%DM). The proximate compositions result sugest that the seed samples could be a rich source of nutrients. The toxicant compositions of the seeds of Parkia biglobosa revealed the following respective values for raw, cooked and fermented samples, hydrocyanic acid (HCN) (60.01 ± 0.11, 58.01 ± 0.11 and 61.01 ± 0.12mg/100gDM), Phytic acid (18.02 ± 0.12, 16.01 ± 0.12 and 21.01 ± 0.13 mg/100gDM) and soluble oxalate (10.03 ± 0.11, 8.00 ± 0.11 and 12.01 ± 0.12 mg/100gDM). The mineral elements profile in mg/100gDM revealed approximately increased levels in Potassium (K), sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) while phosphorus (P), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) where low on all the studied samples. The phytochemical screening of the raw, cooked and fermented Parkia biglobosa extracts showed presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, polyphenols, anthraquinones and reducing sugars. These secondary plant metabolites are known to have microbial activities as well as physiological properties.